Paediatric Imaging

Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome

(also called Kawasaki's disease), condition affecting mainly young children and infants. Clinically the patient presents with fever, congestion of the conjunctivae, reddening of the oral mucosa and lips, enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes and often a macular erythematous skin rash with marked hyperaemia of the palms and the soles initially, followed by desquamation of the skin. Gallbladder hydrops may occur.

The serious complications are due to the vasculitis: coronary artery aneurysm, of which 70% are proximal, and peripheral vasculitis with multiple aneurysm formation. Death is usually related to the cardiovascular complications.

Chest radiograph and echo demonstrate cardiomegaly with pericardial effusion. Echo- or arteriography may demonstrate aneurysms. See Kawasakis disease

LT