Schilder's disease

(Paul Schilder, 1886 - 1940, Austrian neurologist), inflammatory disease of the white matter, most likely a form of multiple sclerosis (MS), that affects children. Also called encephalitis periaxialis diffusa, its clinical signs are similar to those of MS, including ataxia, pyramidal signs, retrobulbar neuritis, diplopia as well as intellectual impairment, psychiatric signs and seizures usually progress rapidly over the first two years. No specific MR pattern is described that differs from anything that may be seen in multiple sclerosis.

GS