Gangliocytoma

Incidence

Gangliocytoma is extremely rare.

Origin

The tumor is composed predominantly of neoplastic mature ganglion cells with a minor component of supportive, non-neoplastic cells.

Macroscopic appearance and general characteristics

They are well delineated tumors, occasionally associated with calcification, occurring in children and young adults. They may be difficult to distinguish from neuronal heterotopia. They are most often located in the temporal lobe. They are classified as Grade I.

Microscopic appearance (image 2)

The neoplastic ganglion cells differ from normal ones by their dysplastic, bizarre appearance, with presence of binucleated or multinucleated neurons. Gangliocytomas often display a low cellularity and may be difficult to distinguish from neuronal heterotopia.

Imaging features (see case reports)

Both on CT and MRI the mass shows characteristics of normal grey matter (image 3).

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis can be difficult from low grade astrocytoma.

Case reports

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Gangliocytoma
Gangliocytoma, anaplastic

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