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Chest Imaging

Berylliosis

toxic lung reaction caused by beryllium exposure. Pathologically, the typical primary lesion is a noncaseating granuloma indistinguishable from that of sarcoidosis. There are many similarities between the two conditions. Granulomatous skin lesions, lymphadenopathy, granulomatous involvement of the liver and spleen and diffuse lung disease may be found in both diseases. Berylliosis is encountered in two forms, acute and chronic.

Acute berylliosis results from an intense exposure and manifests as an acute tracheobronchitis and pulmonary oedema. In some cases, pulmonary changes are seen on the chest radiograph. They include micronodules and patchy areas of air space consolidation. In most of the cases, these changes resolve over a 2 4 week period. In chronic pulmonary berylliosis, hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy is a frequent finding. The pulmonary abnormalities are radiologically similar to those of sarcoidosis (Fig.1).

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Fig.1

High resolution CT in a patient with berylliosis showing diffuse patchy areas of ground-glass opacity associated with small ill-defined nodules and a certain degree of interlobular septal thickening.
Berylliosis, Fig.1