Musculoskeletal ImagingHypermobility
an excessive degree of movement of joints resulting from laxity of ligaments or other structural defects. Abnormal joint laxity is seen in
developmental dysplasia of the hip DDH ,
joint hypermobility syndrome,
Downs syndrome,
Ehlers Danlos syndrome,
Larsens syndrome,
arthrogryposis multiplex congenita,
multicentric reticulohistiocytosis and
McKusick type metaphyseal dysplasia.
The joint hypermobility syndrome is also termed congenital laxity of ligaments. In this disorder, the joint hypermobility is independent of inflammatory conditions, neurologic disorders, diseases of connective tissue and other congenital disorders. Among the clinical manifestations in symptomatic cases are acute pain, joint effusions, recurrent subluxations or dislocations (of the patella, hip, elbow or glenohumeral joint), idiopathic scoliosis, carpal tunnel syndrome and other neuropathies, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, prolapse of the mitral valve, foot abnormalities and osteoarthritis. The Ehlers Danlos syndrome is primarily a disorder of collagen synthesis, which forms the basis for the laxity of joints. Persons with this syndrome have been called "India rubber men." Both ligamentous and capsular laxity occurs, leading to kyphoscoliosis, recurrent dislocations, pes planus and premature degenerative joint disease.
DR