Musculoskeletal Imaging

Giant cell arteritis

a form of vascular inflammation or vasculitis involving the large arteries, which show granulomatous inflammation. This disorder is also known as temporal arteritis. Histologic examination reveals necrosis of the arterial wall and a granulomatous reaction involving giant cells. Clinical findings include painful swelling of the temporal arteries, headaches, visual disturbances and peripheral neuropathy. Characteristic findings are obtained on temporal artery biopsy or angiogram. An association has been suggested between giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica. Approximately 50% of patients with giant cell arteritis demonstrate a prodromal phase with features of polymyalgia rheumatica, and approximately 30% of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica reveal symptoms and signs of giant cell arteritis.

DR